BUILDING REQUIREMENTS

GENERAL BUILDING REQUIREMENTS AND SERVICES  

5.1 Requirements for Parts of Buildings  

5.1.1 Plinth

5.1.1.1 The plinth or any part of a building or outhouse shall be so located with respect to the surrounding ground level that adequate drainage of the site is assured. The height of the plinth shall be not less than 450 mm from the surrounding ground level, in case of independent houses and not less than 300mm in case of other buildings.  

5.1.1.2 Interior Courtyards and Covered Parking: Every interior courtyard shall be raised at least 150 mm above the determining ground level and shall be satisfactorily drained.  

5.1.2 Habitable Rooms

5.1.2.1 Height The clear height of all rooms for human habitation shall not be less than 2.75 m measured from the surface of the floor to the lowest point of the ceiling (bottom of slab) provided that the minimum clear headway under any beam shall not be less than 2.4 m. In the case of pitched roof, the average height of rooms shall not be less than 2.75 m. The minimum clear head room under a beam, folded plates or eaves shall be 2.4 m. In the case of air-conditioned rooms, a height of not less than 2.4mmeasured from the surface of the floor to the lowest point of air-conditioning duct or the false ceiling shall be provided.  

5.1.2.2 The requirements of clause 5.1.2.1 shall apply to residential, business and mercantile buildings. For educational and industrial buildings, the following minimum requirements apply:  

5.1.2.3 Size The area of habitable room shall not be less than 9.5Sqm, where there is only one room with a minimum width of 2.4 m. Where there are two rooms, one of these shall not be less than 9.5Sqm and the other not less than 7. 5Sq.m, with a minimum width of 2.1 m.  

Table 5.1Minimum height requirement for educational and industrial buildings

5.1.3 Kitchen 

5.1.3.1 Height The height of a kitchen measured from the surface of the floor to the lowest point in the ceiling (bottom of slab) shall not be less than 2.75 m, except for the portion to accommodate floor trap of the upper floor.  

5.1.3.2 Size The area of a kitchen where separate dining area is provided, shall be not less than 5.0 Sq. m with a minimum width of 1.8 m. Where there is a separate store, the area of the kitchen may be reduced to 4.5 Sq. m. A kitchen, which is intended for use as a dining area also, shall have a floor area of not less than 7.5 Sq. m with a minimum width of 2.1 m.  

5.1.3.3 Other Requirements Every room to be used as kitchen shall have: a) unless separately provided in a pantry, means for the washing of kitchen utensils which shall lead directly or through a sink to a grated and trapped connection to the waste pipe b) an impermeable floor c) a flue, if found necessary  

5.1.4 Bathrooms and Water-Closets

5.1.4.1 Height The height of a bathroom or water-closet measured from the surface of the floor to the lowest point in the ceiling (bottom of slab) shall not be less than 2.1 m.  

5.1.4.2 Size The area of a bathroom shall not be less than 1.8 Sq. m with a minimum width of 1.2m. The floor area of water-closet shall be 1.1 Sq.m with a minimum width of 0.9 m. If bath and water-closet are combined, its floor area shall not be less than 2.8 Sq.m with a minimum width of 1.2 m.  

5.1.4.3 Other Requirements Every bathroom or water-closet shall:

a) Be so situated that at least one of its walls shall face a shaft or open space

b) Not be directly over or under any room other than another water-closet, washing place, bath or terrace, unless it has a water-tight floor;

c) Have the platform or seat made of water-tight non-absorbent material;

d) be enclosed by walls or partitions and the surface of every such wall or partition shall be finished with a smooth impervious material to a height of not less than 1 m above the floor of such a room;

e) Be provided with an impervious floor covering, sloping towards the drain with a suitable grade and not towards VERANDAH or any other room; and

f) Have a window or ventilator, opening to a shaft or open space, of area not less than 0.3 Sq.m with side not less than 0.3 m.  

5.1.4.4 No room containing water closets shall be used for any purpose except as a lavatory and no such room shall open directly into any kitchen or cooking space by a door, window or other opening. Every room containing water-closet shall have a door completely closing the entrance to it.

5.1.5 Loft  

5.1.5.1 Height The minimum head-room of loft shall be 2.2 m. The maximum height of loft shall be 1.5 m.  

5.1.5.2 Size A loft in a habitable room shall not cover more than 25 percent of the area of the floor on which it is constructed and shall not interfere with the ventilation of the room under any circumstances.  

5.1.6 Mezzanine Floor

5.1.6.1 Height It shall have a minimum height of 2.2 m.  

5.1.6.2 Size The minimum size of the mezzanine floor, if it is to be used as a living room, shall not be less than 9.5 Sq.m. The aggregate area of such mezzanine floor in a building shall in no case exceed one third the plinth area of the building.  

5.1.6.3 Other Requirements A mezzanine floor may be permitted over a room or a compartment provided:

a) it conform to the standard of living rooms as regards lighting and ventilation incase the size of mezzanine floor is 9.5 Sq.m or more

b) It is so constructed as not to interfere under any circumstances with the ventilation of the space over and under it;

c) Such mezzanine floor is not sub-divided into smaller compartments;

d) Such mezzanine floor or any part of it shall not be used as a kitchen; and

e) In no case shall a mezzanine floor be closed so as to make it liable to be converted into unventilated compartments.  

5.1.7 Store Room

5.1.7.1 Height The height of a store room shall be not less than 2.1 m.

5.1.7.2 Size The size of a store room, where provided in a residential building, shall be not less than 3 Sq.m

5.1.8 Garage

5.1.8.1 Height The height of a garage shall be not less than 2.4 m.

5.1.8.2 Size The size of garages shall be as below:

a) Private Garage - 3.0 m × 6.0 m, minimum; and

b) Public Garage - Based on the number of vehicles parked by ECS. 

5.1.9 Basement

5.1.9.1 The Authority in accordance with the land use and other provisions specified under the Zonal Regulations shall allow the construction and usage of the basement.  

5.1.9.2 The basement shall have the following requirements:

a) Every basement shall be in every part at least 2.4 m in height from the floor to the underside of the roof slab/beam joists and at any part shall not exceed 4.5m in height;

b) Adequate ventilation shall be provided for the basement. The ventilation requirements shall be the same as required by the particular occupancy according to byelaws. Any deficiency may be met by providing adequate mechanical ventilation in the form of blowers, exhaust fans, airconditioning systems, etc.

c) The maximum height at the top of the roof slab of the basement floor shall not be more than 1.2m above the average surrounding ground level;

d) Adequate arrangements shall be made such that surface drainage does not enter the basement;

e) The walls and floors of the basement shall be watertight and be so designed that the effects of the surrounding soil and moisture, if any, are taken into account in design and adequate damp proofing treatment is given; and

f) The access to the basement shall be separate from the main and alternative staircase providing access and exit from higher floors.

g) Where the staircase is continuous in the case of buildings served by more than one staircase, the same shall be of enclosed type serving as a fire separation from the basement floor and higher floors. Open ramps shall be permitted if they are constructed within the building line subject to the provision of (d).

The exit requirements in basements shall comply with the provisions of these Byelaws.  

5.1.10 Chimneys

The chimneys shall be built at least 0.9 m above flat roofs, provided the top of the chimneys is not below the top of the adjacent parapet wall. In the case of sloping roofs, the chimney top shall not be less than 0.6 m above the ridge of the roof in which the chimney penetrates.  

5.1.11 Parapet

Parapet walls and handrails provided on the edges of roof terraces, balcony, verandah, etc. shall not be less than 1.0 m and not more than 1.2 m in height from the finished floor level.  

Note: i. The above shall not apply where roof terrace is not accessible by a staircase. ii. However on terrace floor in the portion where installations like DG Set, Water Tank and other, screening parapet of a suitable height may be constructed to hide such equipment’s etc. and there is no need to have uniform increase in the height of the parapet.  

5.1.12 Boundary Wall

The requirements of the boundary wall shall be as follows:

a) Except with the special permission of the Authority, the maximum height of the compound wall shall be 1.5 m above the Centre line of the front street. Compound wall up to 2.4 m height may be permitted if the top 0.9 m is of open type construction of a design to be approved by the Authority.

b) In the case of a corner plot, the boundary wall shall be constructed as specified by the ULB or the Government. and

c) However, the provisions of (a) and (b) are not applicable to boundary walls of jails. In electric sub-stations, transformer stations, institutional buildings like sanatoria, hospitals, industrial buildings like workshops, factories and educational buildings like schools, colleges, including hostels and other uses of public utility undertakings and strategically sensitive buildings, a height up to 2.4 m may be permitted by the Authority.  

5.1.13 Septic Tanks

Where a septic tank is used for sewage disposal, the location, design and construction of septic tank shall conform to requirements as notified by the Government. 

5.1.14 Office-cum-Letter Box Room

In the case of multi-storeyed multi-family dwelling apartments constructed by existing and proposed Apartment Owners Associations, limited companies and proposed societies, an officecum-letter box room of dimension 3.6 m × 3 m shall be provided on the ground floor. In case the number of flats is more than 20, the maximum size of the office-cum-letter box room shall be 20 m2. In case of Business buildings provisions shall be made for letter boxes on the entrance floor as per the requirements of the postal department.  

5.1.15 Meter Rooms

For all buildings above 15 m in height and in special occupancies, like educational, assembly, institutional, industrial, storage, hazardous and mixed occupancies with any of the aforesaid occupancies having area more than 500 m2 on each floor, provision shall be made for an independent and ventilated meter (service) room, as per requirements of electric (service) supply undertakings on the ground floor with direct access from outside for the purpose of termination of electric supply from the licensee’s service and alternative supply cables. The door/doors provided for the service room shall have fire resistance of not less than two hours.  

5.1.16 Roofs

5.1.16.1The roof of a building shall be so designed and constructed as to effectively drain water by means of sufficient rain-water pipes of adequate size, wherever required, so arranged, jointed and fixed as to ensure that the rain-water is carried away from the building without causing dampness in any part of the walls, roof or foundations of the building or an adjacent building.

a. The Authority may require rain-water pipes to be connected to a drain or sewer to a covered channel formed beneath the public footpath to connect the rainwater pipe to the road gutter or in any other approved manner.

b. Rain-water pipes shall be affixed to the outside of the external walls of the building or in recesses or chases cut or formed in such external walls or in such other manner as may be approved by the Authority.

c. It is desirable to conserve rain water using suitable rain water harvesting techniques including by roof water collection. In this context, reference may be made to Part 9 ‘Plumbing Services, Section 1 Water Supply, Drainage and Sanitation (Including Solid Waste Management)’ of NBC, 2005.  

5.2 Other general requirements

5.2.1 Swimming Pool

1) Definition: A constructed pool or a tank indoor or outdoor, used for the purpose of swimming, bathing, aquatic sports or games, training, treatment (Therapy) or recreation, meant exclusively for human being, having a depth of water not less than that 60 cm. and the surface area exceeding 23.25 Sq.m both for the use of public or the institution concerned.

i) ‘Capacity of Pools in Relation to Bathers’: The maximum number of persons in bathing attire within the pool enclosures of the bathing area shall not exceed one person per 20 Sq ft. (1.86 Sq m.) of pool i.e. the area of the water surface.

2) ‘Hand Rail’: A side handrail extending up above and returning to the horizontal surface of the pool deck curb or coping shall be provided at each side of each ladder.

3) ‘Depth Markers’: Depth of water shall be clearly marked at or above the water surface on the vertical pool wall and on the edge of the deck or walk-way next to the pool, at maximum points and at the points of break between the deep and shallow portions and at intermediate increments of depth, spaced at not more than 2.5’ (7.62cm) intervals. Depth markers, contrasting with background shall be on both sides of the pool.

4) ‘Lighting and wiring’: Where submarine lightning is used, not less than 0.5 watts shall be employed per sq. ft. of pool area.

5) ‘Area Lightning’: Where submarine lightning is employed, area lightning shall be provided for the deck areas and directed towards the deck areas and away from the pool surface so far as practicable, in a total capacity of not less than 0.6 watt per sq. ft of deck area. Where submarine lighting is not provided and night swimming is not permitted combined pool lightning shall be provided in an amount of not less than 2 watts per sq. ft. of total area. All submarine lightning shall be individually earthed and must be water tight and damp proof.

6) ‘Over Head wiring’: No electrical wiring for electrical or power shall be permitted to pass over within 20 feet of the pool enclosure. 

7) ‘Shallow Minimum Depth’: Every swimming pool shall have a minimum depth in the shallow area of the main swimming area of not less than 0.9 m (3 feet), but not more than 1.07m. (3’-6’) from the overflow level to the floor.

8) ‘Shallow Areas’: In a swimming pool with a diving area, the shallow area of the pool shall be defined as the portion between the shallow end and the break point between the shallow area and the diving area. The slope of the floor shall be uniform from the break point between the diving area and the shallow portion to the outside edge of the shallow portion and shall not be greater than 1 in 2 m.

9) ‘Vertical Wall Depth’: The pool walls shall be vertical at all points for a depth of not less than 2 ft 6’ (0. 76 m.)  

5.2.2 Means of access  

5.2.2.1 No Building shall be erected as to deprive any other building of its means of access.

5.2.2.2 Every person who erects a building shall not at any time erect or cause or permit to erect or re- erect any building, which in any way encroaches upon or diminishes the area set apart as means of access.

5.2.2.3 The Means of Access prescribed in the Zonal Regulations shall be considered while sanctioning Building Licence. The portion of the plot required for widening the road to the proposed width shall be relinquished free of cost without claiming any compensation (including DR), before sanctioning Building Licence.  

5.2.3 Staircase Requirements

5.2.3.1 The minimum clear width, minimum tread width and maximum riser of staircases for buildings shall be as given as below (see also Part 4 ‘Fire and Life Safety ofNBC2005).  

5.2.3.2 Minimum width

Table 5.2 The minimum width of staircase 

5.2.3.3 Minimum tread

The minimum width of tread without nosing shall be 250 mm for residential buildings. The minimum width of tread for other buildings shall be 300 mm.  

5.2.3.4 Maximum riser

5.2.3.4.1 The maximum height of riser shall be 190 mm for residential buildings and 150 mm for other buildings and these shall be limited to 12 per flight.

5.2.3.4.2 The minimum head-room in a passage under the landing of a staircase shall be 2.1m. The minimum clear head-room in any staircase shall be 2.1 m.  

5.2.4 Exit Requirements

All aspects of exit requirements for corridors, doors, stair cases, ramps, etc. in respect of widths, travel distance shall be as prescribed in these Byelaws.  

5.2.4.1 Occupant Load  

The following occupant load shall be considered for calculating the exit requirement of the building 

Table 5.3 Occupant Load

Note:

1.The occupant load in dormitory potions of homes for the aged, orphanages or mental hospitals etc. where sleeping accommodation is provided shall be calculated at not less than 13.3 persons per 100 Sq.m

2. In case of assembly occupancy, all rooms, toilets common areas connected to the assembly occupancy shall be included in the carpet area for calculating the occupancy load.  

5.2.4.2 Number and size of Exits

The requisite number and size of various exits shall be provided, based on the occupants in each room and floor based on the occupant load, capacity of exits, travel distance and height of buildings as prescribed in these Byelaws. At least one primary entrance to each building shall be usable by individuals in wheelchairs and shall be indicated by a sign. At least one entrance usable by individuals in wheelchairs shall be on a level that would make the elevators accessible.  

5.2.4.3 Arrangement of Exits

a) Exits shall be so located so that the travel distance on the floor shall not exceed 30 m for residential, educational, institutional assembly, business, mercantile and storage occupancies, 45.0 m. for industrial occupancy and 22.5m for hazardous building. For fully sprinkle red building, the travel distance may be increased by 50 percent of the above values. Whenever more than one exit is required for a floor of a building they shall be placed as remote from each other as possible. All the exits shall be accessible from the entire floor area at all floor levels, where separate fire separation walls are not provided.

b) The travel distance to an exit from the dead end of the corridor, if applicable, shall not exceed half the distance as stated above except in the case of institutional occupancy in which case it shall not exceed 6.0 m.  

5.2.4.4 Capacity of Exits

The capacity of exits (staircase, ramps and doorways) indicating the number of persons that could be safely evacuated through a unit exit width of 50 cm shall be as given below:  

Table 5.4 Occupants per unit Exit width

5.2.4.5 Minimum Width Provisions for Passageway/Corridors:

The following minimum width provisions shall be made for each passage way/corridor.

a)  Residential buildings, upto 4 dwelling units     1.00 m.

b)  Apartment buildings, hostels, etc.                 1.25 m.

c)  Assembly buildings like auditorium theatres and cinemas   2.00 m.

d)  All other buildings including hotels      1.50 m.

e) Hospital, Nursing Homes, etc.       2.40 m.  

5.2.5 Ramps:

a)  The ramp to basement and parking floors shall be as prescribed in the Zonal Regulations.  

b)  Ramps may also be provided in the setbacks to function as fire drive cum ramp for basements, which can be sloped considering unhindered movement of fire engine and in no case the gradient shall be less than 1:8.

c)  All structural design/safety aspects as per latest BIS Codes & NBC, 2005 shall be complied along with consideration of weight of Fire Engine & its maneuverings.

d)  The minimum width of the ramps in hospitals shall be 2.4 m for stretcher and not for vehicular movement.

e)  In this case Handrails shall be provided on both sides of the ramp.

f)  Ramps shall lead directly to outside open space at ground level or courtyards or safe place  

5.2.6 Doorways:  

a. Every doorway shall open into an enclosed stairway, a horizontal exit, on a corridor or passageway providing continuous and protected means of egress.

b. No exit doorways shall be less than 1m in width except assembly and institutional buildings where Doorway shall not be less than 2 m.

c. Exit doorways shall open outwards, that is away from the room but shall not obstruct the travel along any exit. No door when opened shall reduce the required width of stairway or landing to less than 0.90 m Overhead or sliding door shall not be installed. Note: In the case of buildings where there is a central corridor, the doors of rooms shall open inwards to permit smooth flow of traffic in the corridor

d. Exit door shall not open immediately upon a flight of stairs. A landing equal to at least, the width of the door shall be provided in the stairway at each doorway. Level of landings shall be the same as that of the floor, which it serves.

e. Exit doorways shall be open-able from the side, which they serve without the use of a key.

f. Revolving doors shall not to be provided as means of fire exit. g. Mirrors shall not be placed in exit ways or exit doors to avoid confusion regarding the direction of exit.  

5.2.7 Provision of exterior open spaces and height limitation around the building  

5.2.7.1 The open spaces/setbacks, coverage, FAR, parking requirements shall be as per Zoning regulations of the Master Plan  

5.2.7.2 Every room that is intended for human habitation shall abut on an interior or exterior open space or on to a verandah open to such interior or exterior open space. In case of High rise the driveway in exterior open spaces around a building shall be of green or hard surface capable of taking load of fire engine weighing up to 45 ton.

5.2.7.3 In case, kitchen and toilets do not about either interior or exterior open spaces, mechanical ventilation would be accepted.  

5.2.8 Interior Open Space for Light and Ventilation

5.2.8.1 The whole or part of one side of one or more rooms intended for human habitation and not abutting on either the front, rear or side open spaces shall abut on an interior open space whose minimum width in all directions shall be 3m in case of buildings not more than 15m in height, and in case of high-rise buildings it shall have mandatory mechanical ventilation in addition  
5.2.8.2 Sunken Courtyard: Sunken courtyard up to 3m in depth from the ground level as ‘light well’ within building envelop shall be permitted for light and ventilation for basement area.

5.2.8.3 Skylight: Skylight in interior open space (courtyard) shall be permitted subject to the fact that it may not act as a covered space on the ground floor and does not violate the maximum/minimum ground coverage rules.  

5.2.9 Lighting and ventilation of rooms  

5.2.9.1 IS Codes for lighting & ventilation requirements Rooms shall have, for the admission of light and air, one or more openings, such as windows and ventilators, opening directly to the external air or into an open VERANDAH.

Lighting and ventilation requirements of all types of buildings shall be designed and approved in accordance with the provisions of the following two IS Codes –

i. SP 32 (1986): Hand book on Functional Requirements of Industrial Buildings(Lighting and Ventilation) [CED 12: Functional Requirements in Buildings] and

ii. SP 41 (1987): Hand book on Functional Requirements of Buildings (Other than Industrial Buildings) [CED 12: Functional Requirements in Buildings]  

Lighting loads of various spaces of –

i. Industrial buildings shall be determined as per Clause 1, Section 1 of SP 32(1986)

ii. Non-Industrial buildings shall be determined as per Clause 2, Part 4 of SP 41(1987)

Thermal comfort levels and design requirement of various spaces of –

i. Industrial buildings shall be determined as per Section 2 of SP 32 (1986)

ii. Non-Industrial buildings shall be determined as per Part 2 of SP 41 (1987)

Minimum Fresh Air requirement for –

i. Industrial buildings shall be determined as per Clause 13 of Section 2 of SP 32(1986)

ii. Non-Industrial buildings shall be determined as per Clause 4 of Part 3 of SP 41(1987)

5.2.9.1.1 The minimum aggregate area of openings

The minimum aggregate area of such openings, excluding doors inclusive of frames, shall be not less than one-sixth of the floor area;  

Notes

1.  If a window is partly fixed, the openable area shall be counted.

2.  No portion of a room shall be assumed to be lighted, if it is more than 7.5 m away from the opening assumed for lighting that portion.

3.  The area of openings as given in (a) to (d) above shall be increased by 25 percent in the case of a kitchen.

All habitable rooms shall have for the admission of light and air, one or more apertures, such as window, glazed door, opening directly to the external air or into an open verandah not more than 2.40 m. in width. In case light and ventilation to habitable space area are through an internal courtyard, the minimum dimensions of such courtyard shall not be less than 3.0 m. x 3.0 m. for buildings up to 12.50 m. in height. For buildings with higher heights, the minimum dimensions of the internal courtyard shall be as given in these Bye-Laws. Where the lighting and ventilation requirements are not met through day lighting and natural ventilation, the same shall be ensured through artificial lighting and mechanical ventilation as given in part-VII building services Section-1 lighting and Ventilation of National Building Code of India published by the Bureau of Indian Standards. The latest version of the National Building Code of India shall be taken into account at the time of enforcement of the Building Bye-Laws.

5.2.9.2 Ventilation Shaft

For ventilating the spaces for water closets and bathrooms, if not opening on the front side, rear and interior open spaces, shall open on the ventilation shaft, the size, of which shall not be less than the values given below:

Table 5.5 Size of Ventilation Shaft

Notes:

i. For buildings above 30.0 m. height, mechanical ventilation system shall be installed besides the provision of minimum ventilation shaft.

ii. For fully air-conditioned buildings the ventilation shaft need not be insisted upon, provided the airconditioning system works in an uninterrupted manner, also, provided there is an alternative source of power supply. However, it is not mandatory in case of buildings where ventilation is mechanized  

5.3 Building Services  

5.3.1 Electrical, Air conditioning, Lift & Escalator installations

5.3.1.1 Planning, design and installations of electrical, air-conditioning and lift installations

The Planning design and installation of electrical installations, air conditioning installation of lifts and escalators can be carried out in accordance with Part-VII Building Services, section– 2 electrical installation, section–3 air conditioning and heating, section-5 installation of lifts and escalators of National Building Code of India. However, deviations from National Building Code may be done as per good Engineering practices.  

5.3.1.2 Number and types of lifts

Lift shall have to be provided for buildings with more than ground plus three floors. The number and type of lifts to be provided in different buildings sha1l be as given in AppendixXIIIA.  

5.3.1.3 Requirements of Electrical substation

The requirements of electric sub-station are given in Appendix-XIIIB. The provision of electric sub-station shall also require approval from Electricity Board concerned.  

5.3.2 Plumbing and Sanitary Services

5.3.2.1 Planning, design, construction an d installation of Water supply, drainage and sanitation and gas supply system

The planning, design, construction and installation of water supply, drainage and sanitation and gas supply system shall be in accordance with Part-9: Plumbing Services, Section-l Water supply, Drainage and sanitation (including Solid Waste Management) and Section-2 Gas supply of NBC, 2005.  

5.3.2.2 Norms for differently-abled within segregated toilets:

i. One special W.C. in a set of toilet shall be provided for the use of differently abled persons, with essential provision of wash basin near the entrance.

ii. Minimum clear opening of the door shall be 900 mm. and the door shall swing out.

iii. Suitable arrangement of vertical/horizontal handrails with 50 mm. clearance from wall shall be made in the toilet.

iv. The W.C. seat shall be 500 mm. from the floor.  

5.3.2.3 Water requirement and facilities:

Water requirement for the facility may be worked out and enough storage for ½ day operation is to be kept in storage. If municipal water supply is reliable, the toilet blocks may have underground sump that can store half a day requirement and overhead tanks for another half. If municipal water supply is not available, toilet block may have its own bore well and pump with no underground sump. Alternatively, a hand tube well can be used for storing water in an elevated (not overhead) tank. To minimize the wastage of water, self-closing water taps should be used. The pans must be of Pour Flush (PF) design i.e. with a steep slope. Traps should be of a 20 mm water seal. (Use of 50 mm water seal traps will require more water for flushing.) If toilet is to be linked to city sewer, a master trap has to be provided at the sewer connection for waste water line (excluding soil line). 

Note: The number of persons for Sl. No. 11 to 14 shall be determined by the average number of passenger handled by the station daily with due consideration given to the staff and workers likely to use the facilities. *The values in parenthesis are for such station, where bathing facilities are not provided.  

Table 5.7 Flushing Storage Capacities 

Table 5.8 Domestic Storage Capacities

Note:

1. If the premises are situated at a place higher than the road level in front of the premises, storage at ground level shall be provided on the same lines as on floors.

2. The above storage may be permitted to be installed provided that the total domestic storage calculated on the above basis is not less than the storage calculated on the number of down take fittings according to scale given below:

Down take taps   70 l.

each Showers           135 l.

each Bathtubs         200 l. each  

Table 5.9 Sanitation requirements for Shops and Commercial Offices 

Note: Number of customers for the purpose of the above calculation shall be the average number of persons in the premises for a time interval of one hour during the peak period. For male-female calculation a ratio of 1:1 may be assumed.

Table 5.10 Sanitary Requirements for Hotels 

 Table 5.10 (a) Sanitary Requirements for Public Rooms

Note:

i) It may be assumed that the two-thirds of the number are males and one-third females.

ii) One water tap with drainage arrangements shall be provided for every 50 persons or part thereof in the vicinity of water closet and urinals.  

Table 5.11 Sanitation Requirements for Educational Occupancy

Table 5.11(a) Sanitation Requirements for Nursery Schools 

1. One water tap with draining arrangements shall be provided for every 50 persons or part thereof, in the vicinity of water closets and urinals.Note:

2. For teaching staff, the schedule of sanitary units to be provided shall be the same as in case of office buildings (Table 5.10). 

Table  5.12 Sanitation Requirements for Institutional (Medical) Occupancy – Hospital 

Table 5.12(a) Sanitation Requirements for Administrative Buildings

Table 5.13 Sanitation Requirements for Government and Public Business Occupancy and Offices 

Note: One water tap with drainage arrangements shall be provided / 50 persons or part thereof in the vicinity.  

Table 5.14 Segregated sanitation facilities for Visitors in Public Buildings.

 Per Capita Volume of Water required may be referred at item 6, Table 4.6 Area and sizes of seats/units may be referred at Table 4.16  

Table 5.15 The recommended enclosure-sizes for different facilities at visitors’ toilets

Table 5.16 The recommended areas for different facilities at visitors’ toilets

*In case of space constraint, the minimum sizes may be adopted 

Note: Where only one water closet is provided in dwelling, the bath and water closet shall be separately accommodated.  

Table 5.17 Sanitation Requirements for Assembly Occupancy Buildings (Cinema, Theatres, Auditoria etc.)

Note:

i) One water tap with draining arrangements shall be provided for every 50 persons or part thereof in the vicinity of water closets and urinals.

ii) It may be assumed that two thirds of the number is males and one third females

Table 5.18 Sanitation Requirements for Assembly Buildings (Art, Galleries, Libraries and Museums

 Note: It may be assumed that two thirds of the numbers are males and one third females.  

Table 5.19 Sanitation Requirements for Restaurants

Note:

i) It may be assumed that two thirds of the numbers are males and one-third females.

ii) One water tap with draining arrangements shall be provided for every 50 persons or part thereof in the vicinity of water closets and urinal. 

 Table 5.20 Sanitation Requirements for Factories 

Note:

i) For many trades of a dirty or dangerous character, more extensive provisions are required.

ii) One water tap with draining arrangement shall be provided for every 50 persons or part thereof in the vicinity of water closet and urinal iii) Creche where provided shall be fitted with water closets (One for 10 persons or part thereof), wash basins (1 for 15 persons or part thereof) and drinking water tap with drinking arrangement for every 50 persons or part thereof  

Table 5.21Sanitation Requirements for Large Stations and Airports

Note:

i) Provision for wash basins, baths including shower stalls, shall be in accordance with part ix section 2-Drainage and Sanitation of National Building Code of India.

* At least one Indian style water closet shall be provided in each toilet. Assume 60% males and 40% females in any area.

* At least 50% of females WCs may be Indian pan and 50% EWC.  

Table 5.22 General Standard/Guidelines for Public Toilets in Public Area

1.At construction sites, one toilet must be provided per 20 employees. In a work zone with between 21 and 199 employees, a toilet seat and one urinal must be provided for every 40 employees. For 200 or more workers, regulations call for a toilet seat and a urinal per 50 workers. The toilet must be located within 200 m or 5-minute walk.5.3.2.4 Construction Site

2. Job sites that are not equipped with a sanitary sewer must, unless prohibited by local codes, provide privies, in locations where their use will not contaminate either ground or surface water. Other alternatives to a privy could be chemical toilets, re-circulating toilets, or combustion toilets.

3. Toilets should be cleaned regularly and maintained in good order, running water, must be provided along with soap and individual hand towels.  

5.3.2.5 Temporary Camp Toilets

Toilet facilities shall be provided within 60 m of the, site, which shall not be closer than 15 m of dining area or kitchen. Make sure that toilet area is cleaned at least once per day, it is sanitary, adequately lighted and is employee safe.  

5.3.2.6 Special / Contingency Toilets

A) For Special events like open air theatre, religious/political gatherings, mela, etc. for which there are no permanent toilet facilities, contingency toilets/PSUs shall be provided. The following considerations shall determine the number of toilets to be provided for particular event: 

i) Duration of the event

ii) Type of crowd

iii) Weather conditions

iv) Whether finishing times are staggered if the event has multi-functions and the following guidelines shall be applied with minimum 50 per cent female toilets.  

Table 5.23 Contingency Toilets facilities for Special Events

Special toilet facilities shall be adequately provided in public projects (transport terminals/ healthcare and other public spaces) in million plus cities for the Third gender with appropriate cleanliness arrangements.  B) Special Purpose Toilets:

5.3.2.7 General guidance for water supply arrangements

1. For new construction: Provision shall be made for underground tank for the storage of water, having capacity at 200 l. per person with adequate pumping arrangements to supply water to upper floors. Filtered water connection will be allowed only for use of drinking and bathing needs. For other purposes i.e. flushing and gardening etc., the individual shall be required to have own arrangements of tube well water within the premises. While according sanction to Layout Plan, the Authority shall make a special mention that provision for space shall be kept for the construction of underground reservoir of adequate capacity along with booster pumping station.

2. Arrangements as given in 1 above shall also be provided in Group Housing Societies.

3. The plumbing arrangement in case of new constructions shall be made in a way that the potable water shall be used for drinking, cooking & bathing only and for rest of the uses, provision for ground water can be made with dual piping system.

4. Low capacity cistern should preferably be provided instead of normal 12.5 L capacity.

5. Provisions for sustainable methods of Water and Wastewater management and Water harvesting may be referred from Clause 10.2 in these Bye-Laws. 

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